The coronary sinus and adjacent structures in human adult hearts: morphometrical cadaveric anatomy

The aim of this study was to explore the anatomy and morphometry coronary sinus in hearts adult humans, clarify position left atrium, fibrous ring adjacent arteries describe topographic variants for various types dominance. We studied 40 weighing 200-420 g, obtained from patients who died non-cardiac causes. dissected 30 non-injected macroscopic specimens preserved into 4% PBS formalin reveal measure neighboring arteries. rest 10 we used preparing histological slices points beginning sinus, middle, near “crux cordis”. measured large small diameters, circumference, wall thickness as well explored relative arteries, atrium ring. reference range length 33.76-48.4 mm. median (Me) circumference increased 13.87 mm at 23.99 In some specimens, cross section looked flattened anteroposterior direction; others, it appeared be basoapically. distinguished two anatomical patterns sinus: subepicardial intramyocardial. first proposed term myocardialless or, simply, “naked”, second type named muscularized. divide latter partially completely Lack adventitia between myocardial sheet tunica media allowed us consider sleeves an integral structure intramyocardial wall. value point origin, its turning anterosuperiorly toward right had no differences, but significantly depended on cover atrioventricular sulcus. distance posterior 0.15-7.66 (Me 0.91 mm); 2.9-13.7 7.9 mm). found four relations Commonly, were located below sinus. ranges variability morphometric values structures may considered normal human heart.